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The middle class guerrilla gang which left Germany quaking in fear: How the far-left Baader-Meinhof gang killed dozens with string of bombings, bank raids and kidnappings in the 1970s - as member is arrested after decades on the run

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Police in Germany arrested a fugitive member of Germany's notorious far-left militant group - the Baader-Meinhof gang - on Monday.

Daniela Klette, 65, was part of a  trio from the group, officially known as the Red Army Faction (RAF), which carried out several bombings, kidnappings and killings in Germany in the 1970s and 1980s.

She was detained on Monday in Berlin and is accused of attempted murder and other crimes, prosecutors said on Tuesday, without giving further details.

Klette's arrest has reignited interest in the group that unleashed a campaign of terror in West Germany in the 1970s, 80s and 90s - killing dozens of people and injuring hundreds more in bombings, shootings and kidnappings.

And while Klette's arrest means police have caught up with one of the RAF fugitives, her alleged co-conspirators - Ernst-Volker Staub and Burkhard Garweg - remain on the run, bringing up old wounds from Germany's fractured past.

Daniela Klette, 65, was part of a trio from the Baader-Meinhof gang, officially known as the Red Army Faction ( RAF ), which carried out several bombings, kidnappings and killings in Germany in the 1970s and 1980s. Pictured: RAF members are seen at the funeral of the group's founder in 1977 in Stuttgart, Germany

Daniela Klette, 65, was part of a trio from the Baader-Meinhof gang, officially known as the Red Army Faction ( RAF ), which carried out several bombings, kidnappings and killings in Germany in the 1970s and 1980s. Pictured: RAF members are seen at the funeral of the group's founder in 1977 in Stuttgart, Germany

A 1988 portrait of RAF member Daniela Klette, handed out by German police in 1993. Police say she was arrested on Monday accused of attempted murder and other crimes

A 1988 portrait of RAF member Daniela Klette, handed out by German police in 1993. Police say she was arrested on Monday accused of attempted murder and other crimes

The anti-capitalist, anti-imperialist urban guerrilla group emerged out of the radicalised fringe of the 1960s student protest movement.

Named the Baader-Meinhof gang after two of its early leaders, Andreas Baader and Ulrike Meinhof, the RAF fought against what they saw as US imperialism and a 'fascist' German state that - the RAF said - was still riddled with former Nazis.

While it was active, it engaged in an armed resistance, leading to the government to declare the RAF a terrorist organisation.

It was responsible for terrorising West Germany with a series of bombings, assassinations, kidnappings, bank robberies and shoot-outs with police over the course of three decades - across three 'generations' of the group.

Baader-Meinhof has been held responsible for 34 deaths, including several notable figures of the time - including industrialist Hanns Martin Schleyer, the Dresdner Bank head Jürgen Ponto, Deutsche Bank chairman Alfred Herrhausen and federal prosecutor Siegfried Buback.

American servicemen stationed in Germany were also killed, as well as many chauffeurs and bodyguards of their targets - collateral damage in the attacks. 

More than 200 people were also injured by the group. 

Meanwhile, 26 RAF members or supporters were killed during their period of activity.

The group was motivated by its left-wing beliefs, as well as the perception that their parents' generation had failed to confront Germany's Nazi past.

Over the years the RAF developed links to Middle Eastern militant organisations, while also receiving support from East Germany's Stasi security services.

In 1972, the group set off bombs at United States headquarters in Frankfurt twice, as well as the Springer publishing house in Hamburg.

And in 1974, the group killed Günter von Drenkmann, the president of Germany's superior court of justice. 

Its activities extended beyond Germany's borders, too. A year later, in 1975, the RAF seized the West German Embassy in Stockholm. It took hostages and set the building to explode, and killed two hostages when the RAF's demands were not met.

In 1972, the group set off bombs at United States headquarters in Frankfurt - twice, as well as the Springer publishing house in Hamburg.

In 1972, the group set off bombs at United States headquarters in Frankfurt - twice, as well as the Springer publishing house in Hamburg.

Andreas Baader
Ulrike Meinhof

Andreas Baader and Ulrike Meinhof - as well as Gudrun Ensslin and Horst Mahler - formed the RAF's early leadership and the 'first generation'

Some of the bombs detonated prematurely, leading to the deaths of two of the six RAF affiliates who stormed the building. The remaining four eventually surrendered. 

At the height of its notoriety in 1977, the group kidnapped one of Germany's top industrialists after opening fire with a machine-gun on his Mercedes.

After ambushing Hanns-Martin Schleyer's convoy, they held him hostage for six weeks as the West German state negotiated for his release.

On October 13, four militants of the RAF-allied Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine hijacked Mallorca-Frankfurt flight LH 181, demanding the release of 11 RAF members.

During a five-day odyssey which included seven refuelling stops in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, the cell's leader, who called himself Captain Martyr Mahmud, shot dead the pilot, Juergen Schumann.

German anti-terror commandos eventually stormed the Lufthansa jet in Somalia, shot its Palestinian hijackers and freed 90 hostages.

Schleyer, a former SS officer who became the head of Germany's employers' association, was then found dead in the boot of a car in eastern France.

Though the so-called German Autumn of 1977 marked the beginning of a long period of decline for the RAF, the group continued to operate for another two decades.

The group is often talked about in three generations, with the RAF leadership changing several times over the years.

Andreas Baader and Ulrike Meinhof - as well as Gudrun Ensslin and Horst Mahler - formed the early leadership and the first generation.

Pictured: The burned out car of Alfred Herrhausen, chief of West Deutsche Bank, who was killed in a bomb attack by the Red Army Faction in 1989

Pictured: The burned out car of Alfred Herrhausen, chief of West Deutsche Bank, who was killed in a bomb attack by the Red Army Faction in 1989

In 1975, the RAF seized the West German Embassy in Stockholm (pictured). It took hostages and set the building to explode, and killed two hostages when the RAF's demands were not met. Its bombs exploded prematurely, severely damaging the building (pictured)

In 1975, the RAF seized the West German Embassy in Stockholm (pictured). It took hostages and set the building to explode, and killed two hostages when the RAF's demands were not met. Its bombs exploded prematurely, severely damaging the building (pictured)

Pictured: Federal Judge Wolfgang Buddenberg's damaged car, left, after an explosion on May 15, 1972. The judge's wife was driving the car, and survived

Pictured: Federal Judge Wolfgang Buddenberg's damaged car, left, after an explosion on May 15, 1972. The judge's wife was driving the car, and survived

Andreas Baader is seen in a hospital bed in the University Hospital of Frankfurt. Baader was lightly injured by a shot in the back-side during his arrest on June 1 1972

Andreas Baader is seen in a hospital bed in the University Hospital of Frankfurt. Baader was lightly injured by a shot in the back-side during his arrest on June 1 1972

A Baader-Meinhof group wanted poster is seen in Paris in October 1977

A Baader-Meinhof group wanted poster is seen in Paris in October 1977

Baader, Meinhof and most of the first generation had died in Stammheim maximum security prison by 1977 - with some, including Baader, taking their own lives in a suicide pact on the night of October 17 that year.

A second generation formed in the 1970s after the first generation were mostly arrested, followed by a third generation which existed from the 1980s to 1998. 

Staub, Garweg and Klette were alleged members of the RAF's so-called 'third generation' and active during the 1980s and 1990s.

They are chief suspects in a 1993 explosives attack against a prison under construction in Germany's Hesse state.

In the attack, five RAF members climbed the prison walls, tied up and abducted the guards in a van, then returned to set off explosions that caused about 600,000 euros worth of property damage, according to German prosecutors.

Klette is also a suspect in two previous RAF operations.

The group declared itself disbanded in 1998. 

Although the group disbanded in 1998, the trio are alleged to have continued their criminal activities. 

Along with Staub and Garweg, Klette is being investigated by the prosecutors in Verden for attempted murder and various serious robberies between 1999 and 2016.

The trio are believed to have been financing their lives on the run through robberies of money transporters and supermarket cash heists.

They are suspected of being behind the failed robbery of a money transporter in 2016 near the northern city of Bremen, among other offences.

In that incident, masked attackers armed with AK-47 automatic rifles and a grenade-launcher opened fire.

However, they fled without cash when security guards locked themselves inside the armoured vehicle, which was carrying about one million euros ($1.1 million).

This undated handout picture released by the State Office of Criminal Investigations Lower Saxony shows what is believed to be Daniela Klette. She was on the run for 30 years until police caught up with her on Monday

This undated handout picture released by the State Office of Criminal Investigations Lower Saxony shows what is believed to be Daniela Klette. She was on the run for 30 years until police caught up with her on Monday

Police officers carry paper bags as they pass under crime-scene tape in front of the entrance to a house where former RAF member Daniela Klette was arrested in Berlin

Police officers carry paper bags as they pass under crime-scene tape in front of the entrance to a house where former RAF member Daniela Klette was arrested in Berlin

Police officers are seen outside the apartment building where Klette was arrested on Monday

Police officers are seen outside the apartment building where Klette was arrested on Monday

Klette showed no resistance as she was arrested at her apartment in a run down building in the Kreuzberg district of Berlin, according to police.

She had been living on the fifth floor of the apartment block with her dog, and had a partner of a similar age, according to the popular Bild daily. 

Police used fingerprints to identify Klette, who had been using an Italian passport and living under the name 'Claudia Ivone', according to magazine Spiegel. 

German media published the first photo of Klette seen by the public in almost 30 years taken from Facebook, showing the fugitive with streaks of grey in her hair.

Klette is said to have been active in a capoeira group in Berlin, an interest detailed in a 2023 podcast by public broadcaster RBB, which followed clues towards the fugitive in Berlin.

The arrest also came after a German television programme - Aktenzeichen XY, the country's equivalent of crime watch - featured a profile of Klette, Staub and Garweg and detailed their alleged robberies between 1999 and 2016.

After the programme aired, police - who offered a 150,000 euro (£128,000) reward for information on the trio - received 250 tipoffs to the suspects' possible whereabouts.

Questions still remain over how Klette was able to evade the police for so long.

Staub and Garweg, meanwhile, remain on the run.

German police said on Wednesday they had released a man suspected of being Staub - after an alarm was raised in Wuppertal when a man on a regional train was mistaken for the fugitive.

Police swooped on a train, but it was later found to be a case of mistaken identity.

Although far-right extremism has been a bigger focus for Germany in recent years, far-left attacks have also continued to keep the authorities busy.

A court in Dresden in May sentenced a left-wing extremist woman to more than five years in jail for attacking neo-Nazis.

At the time, Germany's interior minister warned against 'vigilante justice'.

The defendant, identified only as Lina E., and three other suspects were convicted of participating in a 'criminal organisation' that carried out several assaults against right-wing extremists between 2018 and 2020.

And although the RAF was responsible for horrific crimes, it was by no-means the country's deadliest left-wing group.

Klette showed no resistance as she was arrested at her apartment in a run down building in the Kreuzberg district of Berlin, according to police

Klette showed no resistance as she was arrested at her apartment in a run down building in the Kreuzberg district of Berlin, according to police

A general view of the women's prison in the northwestern German town of Vechta where several German media report Daniela Klette has been arrested after decades on the run from armed robbery and attempted murder charges, February 28, 2024

A general view of the women's prison in the northwestern German town of Vechta where several German media report Daniela Klette has been arrested after decades on the run from armed robbery and attempted murder charges, February 28, 2024

Another - known as the Revolutionary Cells - which is held responsible for 296 bomb attacks, arson and other attacks between 1973 and 1995.

Of its bombing attacks, 40 were committed in West Berlin.

Famously, Revolutionary Cells helped hijack an Air France airliner which ended in Operation Entebe in Uganda, an Israeli rescue mission.

Two of the Revolutionary Cells' founding members were killed - as was Yonatan Netanyahu on the Israeli side - the older brother of the country's current Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

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