Tube4vids logo

Your daily adult tube feed all in one place!

The 16th century Italian 'vampire' buried with a brick in her JAWS to stop her feeding on victims of a plague

PUBLISHED
UPDATED
VIEWS

A 16th century Italian 'vampire' who was buried with a brick jammed in her mouth over fears she would feed on corpses underground has had her face reconstructed by scientists.

Incredible new images – made using 3D scans of her ancient skull – reveal a woman with a pointed chin, silver hair, wrinkled skin and a slightly crooked nose. 

They also show what she would have looked like with the stone block inserted in her jaws. 

Experts think the brick was put there shortly after she died by locals who feared she would feed on fellow victims of a plague that swept an Italian town located minutes from Venice. 

Skeletal evidence already suggests she was 60 years of age at time of death, but not much more is known about her. 

Recreation of the woman's face using 3D software allowed examination whether a brick could have been inserted into her mouth

Recreation of the woman's face using 3D software allowed examination whether a brick could have been inserted into her mouth

His research also allowed him to test the theory whether inserting the brick would even have been possible without damaging the mouth and teeth

His research also allowed him to test the theory whether inserting the brick would even have been possible without damaging the mouth and teeth

READ MORE Plague grave in Nuremberg could be largest burial site in Europe

Scientists may have uncovered what is the largest mass burial site ever seen in Europe

Scientists may have uncovered what is the largest mass burial site ever seen in Europe

The amazing reconstructions were done by Brazilian forensic expert and 3D illustrator Cícero Moraes, who detailed the project in a new study

As Moraes explains, the skeleton was found in 2006 during excavations of burial pits of Nuovo Lazzaretto in Venice, where plague victims who died between the 15th and 17th centuries were buried. 

During the work, the skull from one of the tombs caught attention, as the jaw was open and inside the oral cavity there was a stone brick. 

'Studies were carried out to find out whether the positioning of the brick was accidental or deliberate,' Moraes says in his paper. 

'The results rejected the first hypothesis, indicating that the placement of the brick was intentional and was part of a symbolic burial ritual.' 

Fears of vampires were rife in Europe in the middle ages, largely due to a lack of understanding as to why dead bodies would swell up. 

Belief in vampires led to such rituals as staking corpses through the heart before they were buried.

In some cultures the dead were buried face-down to prevent them from finding their way out of their graves, but objects in the mouth was another practice. 

According to Moraes, the suggestion that the woman was considered a vampire dates back to a 2010 study published by forensic anthropologist Matteo Borrini. 

'The anti-vampirism rituals that we know today are the result of a historical evolution of the myth,' Moraes told MailOnline.

The remains of a female 'vampire' from 16th-century Venice, buried with a brick in her mouth allegedly to prevent her feasting on plague victims

The remains of a female 'vampire' from 16th-century Venice, buried with a brick in her mouth allegedly to prevent her feasting on plague victims 

The exploration of the mass grave from the 1576 outbreak of plague yielded one of the most bizarre archeological finds. Now, images show what she likely looked like

The exploration of the mass grave from the 1576 outbreak of plague yielded one of the most bizarre archeological finds. Now, images show what she likely looked like 

In 2006, the woman's skeleton was found in a mass grave of plaque victims on the Venetian island of Lazzaretto Nuovo

In 2006, the woman's skeleton was found in a mass grave of plaque victims on the Venetian island of Lazzaretto Nuovo

Vampires in medieval Europe  

Tales of walking corpses that drank the blood of the living and spread plague flourished in medieval Europe in times of disease.

Due to a lack of a understanding of infectious diseases, citizens came to believe that those who became vampires preyed first upon their own families. 

Vampire myths were especially popular in eastern Europe, and the word vampire most likely originates from that region. 

Digging up the bodies of suspected vampires was practiced in many cultures throughout Europe. 

It is thought that the natural characteristics of decomposition - such as receding gums and the appearance of growing hair and fingernails - reinforced the belief that corpses were in fact continuing some manner of life after death. 

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica  

'The study specifically addresses the belief that inserting the brick made it impossible for vampires to feed, and neutralise them.' 

Using 3D scans of the skull, Moraes estimated the distribution of soft tissue to flesh out the woman's face. 

Then the nose was designed based on data extracted from measurements taken from tomography scans of living individuals of different ancestries. 

'Using all the projected information, it was possible to draw the profile of the face,' he says. 

His research also allowed him to test the theory whether inserting the brick would even have been possible without damaging the mouth and teeth.  

Moraes recreated the brick with styrofoam cut down to the exact measurements to see if it could fit in his own mouth. 

'The original study contains some measurements of the brick, other images contain reference to the thickness,' Moraes told MailOnline. 

'I crossed data to generate a brick with a compatible size and cut it out of a piece of Styrofoam, which I painted to keep it firm. 

'Then I tested the placement in my own mouth, under the observation of another person, as I didn't know if it would work or not. 

'It worked, so I transported the data to the 3D model and it was compatible there too.'

3D scan of the 'vampire' woman's skull in red with reconstructed tissue and the brick sticking out of her mouth

3D scan of the 'vampire' woman's skull in red with reconstructed tissue and the brick sticking out of her mouth 

Researcher Cicero Moraes recreated the brick using styrofoam to see if it could fit in his mouth

Researcher Cicero Moraes recreated the brick using styrofoam to see if it could fit in his mouth

Researcher Cicero Moraes recreated the brick using styrofoam to see if it could fit in his mouth

Researcher Cicero Moraes recreated the brick using styrofoam to see if it could fit in his mouth

Moraes says there is no surviving documentation from the woman's lifetime to suggest she was considered a vampire. 

Instead, this has come from modern interpretations of why exactly the brick was there.

It's already known that Lazzaretto Nuovo served as a quarantine station for plague victims from the 1400s to the 1700s. 

This coincided with a fear of vampires, triggered when locals noticed that dead bodies swelled up as if they were feasting on flesh. 

Venice's 'vampire' skeleton is not the only to have been found with a objects in the mouth, however. 

Back in 2014, researchers reported the discovery of the remains of a man in Poland with a rock in its mouth and a stake in its leg. 

Eight century remains in Ireland also had large stones in their mouths, placed there 'violently'. 

BUBONIC PLAGUE IS SPREAD BY THE BITE OF AN INFECTED FLEA 

Bubonic plague is the most common form of plague and is spread by the bite of an infected flea. The infection spreads to immune glands called lymph nodes, causing them to become swollen and painful and may progress to open sores. Human-to-human transmission of bubonic plague is rare and it's usually caught from animals.

If plague infects the lungs – either by the bubonic form progression through the body or by catching the infection from an infected patient or animal's breath – it is called pneumonic plague.

Historically, plague was responsible for widespread pandemics with high mortality. 

People infected with plague usually develop acute febrile disease with other non-specific systemic symptoms after an incubation period of one to seven days, such as sudden onset of fever, chills, head and body aches, and weakness, vomiting and nausea. 

It was known as the 'Black Death' during the fourteenth century, causing more than 50 million deaths in Europe. 

Nowadays, plague is easily treated with antibiotics and the use of standard precautions to prevent acquiring infection. 

As an animal disease, plague is found in all continents, except Oceania. There is a risk of human plague wherever the presence of plague natural foci and human population co-exist. 

Plague epidemics have occurred in Africa, Asia, and South America; but since the 1990s, most human cases have occurred in Africa.

The three most endemic countries are the Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar, and Peru. In Madagascar, cases of bubonic plague are reported nearly every year, between September and April.

WHO does not recommend vaccination, except for high-risk groups (such as laboratory personnel who are constantly exposed to the risk of contamination, and health care workers). 

 Source: World Health Organization 

Comments