Polly wants a chatter! Pet parrots prefer live video calls with their friends over pre-recorded footage, study finds

They're the chatterboxes of the animal kingdom.

Now, researchers have discovered that parrots even enjoy live video calls with friends.

A new study from the University of Glasgow suggests pet parrots taught to make video calls on Facebook Messenger prefer live chats than listening to recorded messages.

And scientists believe this is because the clever birds can tell the difference between live and pre-recorded videos.

They said the findings could pave the way for a future with an ‘animal-centred internet’, allowing pets to interact with each other – as well as humans – using technology.

Pet parrots given the choice to video-call each other or watch pre-recorded videos of other birds will flock to the opportunity for live chats, new research shows

The study, led by animal-computer interaction specialists at the University of Glasgow, gave tablet devices to nine parrots and their owners to explore the potential of the video chats to 'expand the birds’ social lives'

READ MORE: Who's a clever boy? Pet parrots learn to video call their friends to help reduce loneliness 

Scientists from the University of Glasgow first taught birds how to make a call with a tablet, before allowing them to do it of their own accord over a two month period

Lead author Dr Ilyena Hirskyj-Douglas said: 'Working closely with caregivers to design the study has given us new insight into how these intelligent birds react to the complex stimulus digital tablets can provide.

'The appearance of 'liveness' really did seem to make a difference to the parrots’ engagement with their screens.

'Their behaviour while interacting with another live bird often reflected behaviours they would engage in with other parrots in real life, which wasn’t the case in the pre-recorded sessions.

'Some caregivers believed that their parrots were capable of differentiating between the sessions.

'One told us that their bird enjoyed vocalising with another live bird but quickly lost interest when there was no response to their calls during pre-recorded videos.'

For the study, which also involved a team from Northeastern University in the US, the researchers wanted to explore the online social lives of nine pet parrots.

It builds on previous research by this team which showed parrots who called their friends on video were less lonely.

Each bird had a profile created with their photo and tablets were provided to their owners so the birds could make video calls on Facebook Messenger. 

Experimental set-up: A (trained) parrot is shown in its home environment with the recording device, the tablet, the stand for it, and the bell it used to indicate it wants a video call

Scientists believe the clever birds - often suffer from loneliness in captivity - can tell the difference between live and pre-recorded videos 

To investigate how parrots would respond to the choice, the researchers provided their caregivers with tablet devices which displayed large bright buttons showing pictures of the other birds in the study. Then, the birds’ caregivers trained them to initiate Facebook Messenger calls by ringing a bell when they wanted to interact with the screen

READ MORE: Parrots have different accents depending on where they live, study suggests

Experts at Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour analysed birds in cities in Spain, Belgium, Italy and Greece (file photo)

The parrots were trained to ring a bell when they wanted to interact with the screen and also took part in a 'meet and greet' session where they were introduced to other birds.

Over a course of six months, the birds were then given access to 12 video sessions, six of which were live calls with their Facebook friends while the remaining six involved watching pre-recorded videos of their bird contacts.

Findings showed the parrots preferred live chats to pre-recorded sessions, spending a total of 561 minutes on live calls compared with 142 minutes on playback video.

The birds initiated 65 calls out of a possible 108 in the live phase, but just 40 out of 108 in the pre-recorded sessions, the team said.

According to the findings, 77 per cent of the caregivers said their parrot responded positively to the live calls and 70 per cent said the same for the pre-recorded video.

Dr Hirskyj-Douglas said: 'Our previous research had shown that parrots seem to benefit from the opportunity to video call each other, which could help reduce the mental and physical toll that living in domestic situations can take on them. 

'In the wild, they live in flocks and socialise with each other constantly. 

The nine parrots (P1 to P9) were given access to 12 video sessions, six of which were live calls with their Facebook friends (top) while the remaining six involved watching pre-recorded videos of their bird contacts (bottom). The birds initiated 65 calls out of a possible 108 in the live phase, but just 40 out of 108 in the pre-recorded sessions, the team said

After a ‘meet-and-greet’ session where the birds were introduced to each other over video chat, the birds were each given open access to the system over 12 sessions totalling 36 hours. They could make a maximum of two calls in each session, for a maximum length of three hours 

The findings could help steer the future course of the emerging ‘animal internet’, where technology could 'empower' animals to interact with humans

'As pets, they’re often kept on their own, which can cause them to develop negative behaviours like excessive pacing or feather-plucking.'

Although it was a small study and definite conclusions cannot be made, the early results are compelling, according to Dr Hirskyj-Douglas. 

She said: 'The internet holds a great deal of potential for giving animals agency to interact with each other in new ways, but the systems we build to help them do that need to be designed around their specific needs and physical and mental abilities.

'Studies like this could help to lay the foundations of a truly animal-centred internet.'

The findings will be presented at the Association of Computing Machinery’s CHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.